Combustion (Asta) occurs when a planet comes within a certain degree range of the Sun. The Sun's powerful light, in a sense, swallows the planet — making it invisible in the sky and diminishing its independent ability to deliver its natural significations. The closer a planet is to the Sun, the more completely it is combust.
The traditional degree ranges within which each planet becomes combust: Moon: within 12° of Sun (also called Amavasya when very close). Mars: within 17°. Mercury: within 14° (within 1° is called Cazimi — actually powerful). Jupiter: within 11°. Venus: within 10°. Saturn: within 15°.
A combust planet struggles to independently express its significations. The matters it governs — both the houses it rules and its natural karakas — may be delayed, diminished, or expressed primarily through solar themes (ego, authority, father). A combust Venus, for example, may create difficulties in relationships or a tendency for the ego to override genuine love. A combust Jupiter may create dogmatism or the suppression of genuine wisdom by pride.
When a planet comes within 1 degree (some say within the same degree) of the Sun, it is said to be "in the heart of the Sun" — Cazimi. Rather than being overwhelmed, such a planet is considered to be in the king's innermost chamber, receiving direct royal attention. A Cazimi planet can be surprisingly powerful, though it still expresses through solar themes.
Combustion is one factor among many. A combust planet in its own sign may still be effective; a combust planet that is also aspected by benefics may find some relief. Always read combustion in the full context of the chart rather than as an isolated, definitive judgment.
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